[Rockhounds] PRPA now public law

Jay Bates jaybates at rcn.com
Wed Apr 1 12:30:28 PDT 2009


Tim I was not responding to your posting, but to Kris.

Here is the text of the Paleontology Resources Preservation Act as 
signed by the President into law on Monday.
See section 6304. (2), the amendment changed the wording from "may allow 
casual collecting" to "shall allow casual collecting". THIS A VERY 
IMPORTANT CHANGE THAT STATES THAT CASUAL COLLECTION SHALL BE ALLOWED AND 
IS NOT A DISCRETIONARY DECISION.

See also 6308. (b), this was a very important provision of the bill that 
was amended by Sen. Coburn removing the provision for the confiscation 
of vehicles and personal property.



Subtitle D--Paleontological Resources Preservation

   *SEC. 6301. DEFINITIONS.*
    In this subtitle:
    (1) *CASUAL COLLECTING.--*The term ``casual collecting'' means the 
collecting of a reasonable amount of common invertebrate and plant 
paleontological resources for non-commercial personal use, either by 
surface collection or the use of non-powered hand tools resulting in 
only negligible disturbance to the Earth's surface and other resources. 
As used in this paragraph, the terms ``reasonable amount'', ``common 
invertebrate and plant paleontological resources'' and ``negligible 
disturbance'' shall be determined by the Secretary.
    (2) *FEDERAL LAND.--*The term ``Federal land'' means--
    (A) land controlled or administered by the Secretary of the 
Interior, except Indian land; or
    (B) National Forest System land controlled or administered by the 
Secretary of Agriculture.
    (3) *INDIAN LAND.--*The term ``Indian Land'' means land of Indian 
tribes, or Indian individuals, which are either held in trust by the 
United States or subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by 
the United States.
    (4) *PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCE.--*The term ``paleontological 
resource'' means any fossilized remains, traces, or imprints of 
organisms, preserved in or on the earth's crust, that are of 
paleontological interest and that provide information about the history 
of life on earth, except that the term does not include--
    (A) any materials associated with an archaeological resource (as 
defined in section 3(1) of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act 
of 1979 (16 U.S.C. 470bb(1)); or
    (B) any cultural item (as defined in section 2 of the Native 
American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001)).
    (5) *SECRETARY.--*The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the 
Interior with respect to land controlled or administered by the 
Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture with respect 
to National Forest System land controlled or administered by the 
Secretary of Agriculture.
    (6) *STATE.--*The term ``State'' means the 50 States, the District 
of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or 
possession of the United States.
   *SEC. 6302. MANAGEMENT.*
    (a) /In General/.--The Secretary shall manage and protect 
paleontological resources on Federal land using scientific principles 
and expertise. The Secretary shall develop appropriate plans for 
inventory, monitoring, and the scientific and educational use of 
paleontological resources, in accordance with applicable agency laws, 
regulations, and policies. These plans shall emphasize interagency 
coordination and collaborative efforts where possible with non-Federal 
partners, the scientific community, and the general public.
    (b) /Coordination/.--To the extent possible, the Secretary of the 
Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall coordinate in the 
implementation of this subtitle.
   *SEC. 6303. PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION PROGRAM.*
    The Secretary shall establish a program to increase public awareness 
about the significance of paleontological resources.
   *SEC. 6304. COLLECTION OF PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES.*
    (a) /Permit Requirement/.--
    (1) *IN GENERAL.--*Except as provided in this subtitle, a 
paleontological resource may not be collected from Federal land without 
a permit issued under this subtitle by the Secretary.
    (2) *CASUAL COLLECTING EXCEPTION.--*The Secretary shall allow casual 
collecting without a permit on Federal land controlled or administered 
by the Bureau of Land Management, the Bureau of Reclamation, and the 
Forest Service, where such collection is consistent with the laws 
governing the management of those Federal land and this subtitle.
    (3) *PREVIOUS PERMIT EXCEPTION.--*Nothing in this section shall 
affect a valid permit issued prior to the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) /Criteria for Issuance of a Permit/.--The Secretary may issue a 
permit for the collection of a paleontological resource pursuant to an 
application if the Secretary determines that--
    (1) the applicant is qualified to carry out the permitted activity;
    (2) the permitted activity is undertaken for the purpose of 
furthering paleontological knowledge or for public education;
    (3) the permitted activity is consistent with any management plan 
applicable to the Federal land concerned; and
    (4) the proposed methods of collecting will not threaten significant 
natural or cultural resources.
    (c) /Permit Specifications/.--A permit for the collection of a 
paleontological resource issued under this section shall contain such 
terms and conditions as the Secretary deems necessary to carry out the 
purposes of this subtitle. Every permit shall include requirements that--
    (1) the paleontological resource that is collected from Federal land 
under the permit will remain the property of the United States;
    (2) the paleontological resource and copies of associated records 
will be preserved for the public in an approved repository, to be made 
available for scientific research and public education; and
    (3) specific locality data will not be released by the permittee or 
repository without the written permission of the Secretary.
    (d) /Modification, Suspension, and Revocation of Permits/.--
    (1) The Secretary may modify, suspend, or revoke a permit issued 
under this section--

[Page: H3901] * GPO's PDF <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?dbname=2009_record&page=H3901&position=all>*

    (A) for resource, safety, or other management considerations; or
    (B) when there is a violation of term or condition of a permit 
issued pursuant to this section.
    (2) The permit shall be revoked if any person working under the 
authority of the permit is convicted under section 6306 or is assessed a 
civil penalty under section 6307.
    (e) /Area Closures/.--In order to protect paleontological or other 
resources or to provide for public safety, the Secretary may restrict 
access to or close areas under the Secretary's jurisdiction to the 
collection of paleontological resources.
   *SEC. 6305. CURATION OF RESOURCES.*
    Any paleontological resource, and any data and records associated 
with the resource, collected under a permit, shall be deposited in an 
approved repository. The Secretary may enter into agreements with 
non-Federal repositories regarding the curation of these resources, 
data, and records.
   *SEC. 6306. PROHIBITED ACTS; CRIMINAL PENALTIES.*
    (a) /In General/.--A person may not--
    (1) excavate, remove, damage, or otherwise alter or deface or 
attempt to excavate, remove, damage, or otherwise alter or deface any 
paleontological resources located on Federal land unless such activity 
is conducted in accordance with this subtitle;
    (2) exchange, transport, export, receive, or offer to exchange, 
transport, export, or receive any paleontological resource if the person 
knew or should have known such resource to have been excavated or 
removed from Federal land in violation of any provisions, rule, 
regulation, law, ordinance, or permit in effect under Federal law, 
including this subtitle; or
    (3) sell or purchase or offer to sell or purchase any 
paleontological resource if the person knew or should have known such 
resource to have been excavated, removed, sold, purchased, exchanged, 
transported, or received from Federal land.
    (b) /False Labeling Offenses/.--A person may not make or submit any 
false record, account, or label for, or any false identification of, any 
paleontological resource excavated or removed from Federal land.
    (c) /Penalties/.--A person who knowingly violates or counsels, 
procures, solicits, or employs another person to violate subsection (a) 
or (b) shall, upon conviction, be fined in accordance with title 18, 
United States Code, or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both; but if 
the sum of the commercial and paleontological value of the 
paleontological resources involved and the cost of restoration and 
repair of such resources does not exceed $500, such person shall be 
fined in accordance with title 18, United States Code, or imprisoned not 
more than 2 years, or both.
    (d) /Multiple Offenses/.--In the case of a second or subsequent 
violation by the same person, the amount of the penalty assessed under 
subsection (c) may be doubled.
    (e) /General Exception/.--Nothing in subsection (a) shall apply to 
any person with respect to any paleontological resource which was in the 
lawful possession of such person prior to the date of enactment of this Act.
   *SEC. 6307. CIVIL PENALTIES.*
    (a) /In General/.--
    (1) *HEARING.--*A person who violates any prohibition contained in 
an applicable regulation or permit issued under this subtitle may be 
assessed a penalty by the Secretary after the person is given notice and 
opportunity for a hearing with respect to the violation. Each violation 
shall be considered a separate offense for purposes of this section.
    (2) *AMOUNT OF PENALTY.--*The amount of such penalty assessed under 
paragraph (1) shall be determined under regulations promulgated pursuant 
to this subtitle, taking into account the following factors:
    (A) The scientific or fair market value, whichever is greater, of 
the paleontological resource involved, as determined by the Secretary.
    (B) The cost of response, restoration, and repair of the resource 
and the paleontological site involved.
    (C) Any other factors considered relevant by the Secretary assessing 
the penalty.
    (3) *MULTIPLE OFFENSES.--*In the case of a second or subsequent 
violation by the same person, the amount of a penalty assessed under 
paragraph (2) may be doubled.
    (4) *LIMITATION.--*The amount of any penalty assessed under this 
subsection for any 1 violation shall not exceed an amount equal to 
double the cost of response, restoration, and repair of resources and 
paleontological site damage plus double the scientific or fair market 
value of resources destroyed or not recovered.
    (b) /Petition for Judicial Review; Collection of Unpaid Assessments/.--
    (1) *JUDICIAL REVIEW.--*Any person against whom an order is issued 
assessing a penalty under subsection (a) may file a petition for 
judicial review of the order in the United States District Court for the 
District of Columbia or in the district in which the violation is 
alleged to have occurred within the 30-day period beginning on the date 
the order making the assessment was issued. Upon notice of such filing, 
the Secretary shall promptly file such a certified copy of the record on 
which the order was issued. The court shall hear the action on the 
record made before the Secretary and shall sustain the action if it is 
supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole.
    (2) *FAILURE TO PAY.--*If any person fails to pay a penalty under 
this section within 30 days--
    (A) after the order making assessment has become final and the 
person has not filed a petition for judicial review of the order in 
accordance with paragraph (1); or
    (B) after a court in an action brought in paragraph (1) has entered 
a final judgment upholding the assessment of the penalty, the Secretary 
may request the Attorney General to institute a civil action in a 
district court of the United States for any district in which the person 
if found, resides, or transacts business, to collect the penalty (plus 
interest at currently prevailing rates from the date of the final order 
or the date of the final judgment, as the case may be). The district 
court shall have jurisdiction to hear and decide any such action. In 
such action, the validity, amount, and appropriateness of such penalty 
shall not be subject to review. Any person who fails to pay on a timely 
basis the amount of an assessment of a civil penalty as described in the 
first sentence of this paragraph shall be required to pay, in addition 
to such amount and interest, attorneys fees and costs for collection 
proceedings.
    (c) /Hearings/.--Hearings held during proceedings instituted under 
subsection (a) shall be conducted in accordance with section 554 of 
title 5, United States Code.
    (d) /Use of Recovered Amounts/.--Penalties collected under this 
section shall be available to the Secretary and without further 
appropriation may be used only as follows:
    (1) To protect, restore, or repair the paleontological resources and 
sites which were the subject of the action, and to protect, monitor, and 
study the resources and sites.
    (2) To provide educational materials to the public about 
paleontological resources and sites.
    (3) To provide for the payment of rewards as provided in section 6308.
   *SEC. 6308. REWARDS AND FORFEITURE.*
    (a) /Rewards/.--The Secretary may pay from penalties collected under 
section 6306 or 6307 or from appropriated funds--
    (1) consistent with amounts established in regulations by the 
Secretary; or
    (2) if no such regulation exists, an amount up to 1/2 of the 
penalties, to any person who furnishes information which leads to the 
finding of a civil violation, or the conviction of criminal violation, 
with respect to which the penalty was paid. If several persons provided 
the information, the amount shall be divided among the persons. No 
officer or employee of the United States or of any State or local 
government who furnishes information or renders service in the 
performance of his official duties shall be eligible for payment under 
this subsection.
    (b) /Forfeiture/.--All paleontological resources with respect to 
which a violation under section 6306 or 6307 occurred and which are in 
the possession of any person, shall be subject to civil forfeiture, or 
upon conviction, to criminal forfeiture.
    (c) /Transfer of Seized Resources/.--The Secretary may transfer 
administration of seized paleontological resources to Federal or 
non-Federal educational institutions to be used for scientific or 
educational purposes.
   *SEC. 6309. CONFIDENTIALITY.*
    Information concerning the nature and specific location of a 
paleontological resource shall be exempt from disclosure under section 
552 of title 5, United States Code, and any other law unless the 
Secretary determines that disclosure would--
    (1) further the purposes of this subtitle;
    (2) not create risk of harm to or theft or destruction of the 
resource or the site containing the resource; and
    (3) be in accordance with other applicable laws.
   *SEC. 6310. REGULATIONS.*
    As soon as practical after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall issue such regulations as are appropriate to carry out 
this subtitle, providing opportunities for public notice and comment.
   *SEC. 6311. SAVINGS PROVISIONS.*
    Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed to--
    (1) invalidate, modify, or impose any additional restrictions or 
permitting requirements on any activities permitted at any time under 
the general mining laws, the mineral or geothermal leasing laws, laws 
providing for minerals materials disposal, or laws providing for the 
management or regulation of the activities authorized by the 
aforementioned laws including but not limited to the Federal Land Policy 
Management Act (43 U.S.C. 1701-1784), Public Law 94-429 (commonly known 
as the ``Mining in the Parks Act'') (16 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.), the 
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 
1201-1358), and the Organic Administration Act (16 U.S.C. 478, 482, 551);
    (2) invalidate, modify, or impose any additional restrictions or 
permitting requirements on any activities permitted at any time under 
existing laws and authorities relating to reclamation and multiple uses 
of Federal land;
    (3) apply to, or require a permit for, casual collecting of a rock, 
mineral, or invertebrate or plant fossil that is not protected under 
this subtitle;
    (4) affect any land other than Federal land or affect the lawful 
recovery, collection, or sale of paleontological resources from land 
other than Federal land;
    (5) alter or diminish the authority of a Federal agency under any 
other law to provide protection for paleontological resources on Federal 
land in addition to the protection provided under this subtitle; or
    (6) create any right, privilege, benefit, or entitlement for any 
person who is not an officer or employee of the United States acting in 
that capacity. No person who is not an officer or employee of the United 
States acting in that capacity shall have standing to file any civil 
action in a court of the United States to enforce any provision or 
amendment made by this subtitle.
   *SEC. 6312. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.*
    There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be 
necessary to carry out this subtitle.


Tim wrote:
> I don't get it Jay. What are you responding to? I merely forwarded the
> notice from the SVPA that the bill had passed since no one else seems to
> have noticed. AFAIK, the bill never mentioned nor affected the collecting of
> petrified wood. The amendment you are apparently referring to makes no
> comment nor does it mention petrified wood, plant, or any other specific
> fossils: 
>
> (8) S.Amdt. 682 by Sen. Coburn [R-OK]
> To protect scientists and visitors to federal lands from unfair penalties
> for collecting insignificant rocks.
> Proposed: Mar 17, 2009. Accepted: Mar 19, 2009.
>
> http://www.govtrack.us/congress/amendment.xpd?session=111&amdt=s682
>
> Tim Fisher 
> Ore-ROCK-On! 
> Email address at http://OreRockOn.com
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: rockhounds-bounces at lists.drizzle.com
> [mailto:rockhounds-bounces at lists.drizzle.com] On Behalf Of Jay Bates
> Sent: Tuesday, March 31, 2009 5:19 PM
> To: Rockhounds at drizzle.com: A mailing list for rock and gem collectors
> Subject: Re: [Rockhounds] PRPA now public law
>
> "Nothing in the Omnibus bill changes the regs on pet wood. S. 684 
> (including S. 682 amendment) deals with the collection of vertebrate 
> fossils on public lands. The amendment by Sen Coburn saves our bacon 
> from being fried for picking up other, insignificant fossil material. 
> Pet wood is still 25 lbs per day, plus one piece, not to exceed 250 lbs 
> per year, FROM PUBLIC LANDS."  It was not friendly public servants that 
> got the language of the law changed to maintain the status quo, but 
> pressure brought to bear by rock-hounding groups and an amendment by 
> Senator Coburn. 
>
>
> Kris Rowe wrote:
>   
>> Tim, thanks for making this post that makes the purpose, intent & word of
>> the PRPA crystal clear. In the past, I've been one of those who've
>>     
> obviously
>   
>> been misinformed on this issue, and looked as it as simply another Federal
>> power grab, designed to exclude rockhounds from collecting on public
>>     
> lands.
>   
>> It's heartening to see that, rather than restricting the obviously large
>> impact that amateurs have had on paleontology, the professionals &
>>     
> educators
>   
>> are actively working to make that impact sustainable. The nightmare
>>     
> scenario
>   
>> of fossils eroding out of their protecting formations only to be left upon
>> the surface and lost forever to the elements, will hopefully never become
>> reality.
>> In addition, thanks for posting the link to the SVP, since the flip side
>>     
> of
>   
>> that nightmare is that collectors will be made totally ineffective, not by
>> the statute itself, but by an uncaring and disinterested bureaucracy that
>> simply shrugs its shoulders and says "It's not my job" when informed of a
>> potential find.
>>
>> I'm hopeful that this might signal a friendlier attitude toward
>> conservationist collectors, both commercial and amateur. We all know of
>>     
> and
>   
>> have visited deposits that have been savaged, and then closed after
>>     
> misuse
>   
>> and abuse, most often by non-rockhounds. We've also seen how an uncaring
>>     
> and
>   
>> territorial bureaucracy has closed an area, rather than seeking out
>>     
> private
>   
>> partners, societies & clubs to assist in maintaining and insuring proper
>> conservation.
>>
>> Thankfully, in many areas, the "uncaring" bureaucrat has given way to
>> proactive public servants who understand that conservationist policies,
>> rather than ex-clusive "environmentalism", are the best way to insure that
>> the public learns to care about sustainability. As a "pebble-pup," I was
>> trained by my mother to respect the land and its inhabitants, and to treat
>> it as I wish to be treated.
>>
>> I commend the BLM, Park Service, Geological Survey and other thoughtful
>> public servants for their pro earth science stance. Such areas as Crystal
>> Park, The Oregon Sunstone area, Chunky Gal and Garnet Hill are just a few
>> examples of this great attitude, and insure that we rockhounds are allowed
>> to develop the same conservationist attitudes.
>>
>> Again, thanks!
>>                           Kris
>>
>> On Tue, Mar 31, 2009 at 7:15 AM, Tim <nospam at orerockon.com> wrote:
>>
>>   
>>     
>>> Forgive me if this is a repeat post, but I didn't see it come back to me.
>>>
>>>
>>> From: SVP Headquarters [mailto:svp at vertpaleo.mmsend.com] On Behalf Of SVP
>>> Headquarters
>>> Subject: SVP: PRPA now public law
>>>
>>>
>>>     
>>>       
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>>     
>
>   



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